【Main Components】 Tetracycline Hydrochloride

【Properties】 This product is a yellow crystalline powder.

【Pharmacological Effects】 Pharmacodynamics: Tetracycline belongs to the tetracycline class and is a broad-spectrum antibiotic. It has a strong effect on Staphylococcus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Bacillus anthracis, Clostridium tetani and Clostridium sporogenes, etc., which are Gram-positive bacteria. It is relatively sensitive to Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Brucella and Pasteurella, etc., which are Gram-negative bacteria. This product also has inhibitory effects on rickettsiae, chlamydia, mycoplasma, spirochetes, actinomycetes and certain protozoa.

Pharmacokinetics: After intramuscular injection of tetracycline hydrochloride in pigs, it appears in the serum 5 minutes later and reaches the peak within 2 hours. When given intramuscularly or intravenously to cattle at a dose of 10mg/kg, the serum therapeutic concentration (>1μg/ml) can be maintained for 18 to 1 hour (intramuscular injection) compared to 8 hours (intravenous injection). When given intramuscularly or intravenously to horses at a dose of 5mg/kg, the average blood drug concentration over 24 hours is 1.52μg/ml (intravenous injection) and 0.72μg/ml (intramuscular injection). The half-life is 15.7 hours for intravenous injection and 10.5 hours for intramuscular injection. After absorption, it is widely distributed in tissues and body fluids such as liver, kidney, lung, etc., and easily penetrates pleural effusion, ascites, placenta and milk. It is not easily permeable through the blood-brain barrier. A small amount also penetrates into rumen fluid and can deposit in bones, teeth and other tissues. It is mainly excreted in urine as the original form. A portion is concentrated in bile of the liver and discharged into the intestine, and part is reabsorbed, forming a hepatic-portal circulation.

【Drug Interaction】 (1) When used in combination with telavancin and other macrolide antibiotics, there is a synergistic effect; when used in combination with colistin, it shows a synergistic effect due to enhanced absorption of this class of drugs by bacteria.

(2) When used with diuretics, it can increase blood urea nitrogen.

【Actions and Indications】 Tetracycline antibiotics. Used to treat infectious diseases caused by certain Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, rickettsiae, mycoplasma, etc.

【Usage and Dosage】 Calculated by tetracycline. Intravenous injection: The dosage is 5-10mg per 1kg of body weight for livestock. Take 2 times a day for 2-3 days.

【Adverse Reactions】 (1) Local irritation. The hydrochloride solution has strong irritation. Intravenous injection can cause phlebitis and thrombosis. It is advisable to use a diluted solution and drip slowly to reduce local reactions.

(2) Disruption of intestinal flora. It has a broad-spectrum inhibitory effect on the intestinal flora of horses, which can subsequently lead to secondary infections caused by resistant Salmonella or unknown pathogens (including Bacillus sporogenes, etc.), resulting in severe and even fatal diarrhea. This situation often occurs after large-dose intravenous administration.

(3) Liver and kidney damage. It has toxic effects on liver and kidney cells, causing dose-dependent changes in kidney function in various animals. Intravenous administration of a large dose (33mg/kg) to cattle can cause fatty liver and proximal renal tubular necrosis.

(4) Can cause azotemia, and it can be exacerbated by the presence of steroid drugs. It can also cause metabolic acidosis and electrolyte imbalance.

【Precautions】 (1) It is prohibited for livestock with severe liver and kidney dysfunction.

(2) It should be used with caution in horses after injection.

【Withdrawal Period】 8 days for cattle, sheep and pigs; 48 hours for weaning period. 

【Specification】 As per C22H24N2O, (1) 0.2g, (2) 1g, (3) 2g, (4) 3g